[2] At the time, ship observations indicated that the disturbance had a well-defined cyclonic circulation, with the strongest winds situated in the northern semicircle of the cyclone. ( Log Out / [3] The tropical storm made landfall on the Mosquito Coast of Nicaragua at 1400 UTC, with winds of 40 mph (65 km/h). [4] The American steamship Otho encountered the system that day, and reported gale-force winds in conjunction with a peripheral barometric pressure of 996 mbar (hPa; 29.42 inHg). In Nova Scotia, strong winds disrupted telecommunication and power services. This hurricane would also be the strongest in the hurricane season, with maximum sustained winds of 110 mph (175 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 961 mbar (hPa; 28.39 inHg), making it a high-end Category 2 hurricane on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. [4] The hurricane subsequently curved west and then southwest, before making its only landfall in northern Nicaragua at 1900 UTC on October 23 at peak intensity. The low-pressure area later became sufficiently organized to be classified as a tropical storm at 0000 UTC on September 22. [4] Moving northward, the low became sufficiently organized to be classified as a tropical storm at 1200 UTC on May 19,[3] southeast of Turks Island. [nb 3] The 1940 South Carolina hurricane, which swept through areas of the Southeastern United States in August, was the most damaging and deadly of the tropical cyclones. [23] The tropical cyclone continued to the east-northeast, where it gradually intensified. On 27 May 1940, in one of the final mass encounters of the Blitzkrieg, 13 Hurricanes from 501 Squadron intercepted 24 Heinkel He 111s escorted by 20 Bf 110s; during the ensuing battle, 11 Heinkels were claimed as "kills" and others damaged, with little damage to the Hurricanes. Galveston, TX is in a very high risk hurricane zone. [2] The storm was considered the worst to impact in the region in at least 29 years. However, to gain insight on the influence of climate change on Atlantic tropical storm and hurricane frequency, we must focus on longer (> 100 yr) records of Atlantic hurricane activity since very strong year-to-year and decade-to-decade variability appears in records of Atlantic tropical cyclones. [11] The heavy rainfall caused streams to greatly exceed their respective flood stages, damaging waterfront property. ( Log Out / [18] Moving into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence later that day, the storm transitioned into an extratropical cyclone. This would make the storm the wettest in state history. The 1940 Atlantic hurricane season was a generally average period of tropical cyclogenesis in 1940. [3], As the hurricane passed over the Azores, several weather stations reported low barometric pressures,[23] with the lowest being a measurement of 984 mbar (hPa; 29.06 inHg) on Terceira Island at 0600 UTC on September 25. [13] Overall, the storm caused 50 fatalities and $13 million in damages. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Storms in the 1910s. The waves swept boats away from the coasts of islands. [4], International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, "Background Information: The North Atlantic Hurricane Season", "Tropical Disturbance of May 18–27, 1940; Tropical Disturbances of August 1940; Tropical Disturbances of September 1940; Tropical Disturbances of October 1940", 10.1175/1520-0493(1940)068<0280:tdoo>2.0.co;2, "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)", "Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT", United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service, "Southeast Hurricane - August 10-18 1940", "Rainfall Associated With Hurricanes (And Other Tropical Disturbances)", "Hurricane Hits Steamer; Rescue Ship Draws Near", "Hurricane Diminishes After Causing $1,000,000 Damage in Canadian Area", 10.1175/1520-0493(1940)068<0268:SLS>2.0.CO;2, 10.1175/1520-0493(1940)068<0253:WOTNAO>2.0.CO;2, 10.1175/1520-0493(1940)068<0255:OGAS>2.0.CO;2, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1940_Atlantic_hurricane_season&oldid=981972199, Articles which contain graphical timelines, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 5 October 2020, at 13:27. [3], The hurricane dropped torrential rainfall over the Southeast United States, causing unprecedented devastation in the region. [3][4] At 1200 UTC later that day, the cyclone reached an extratropical peak intensity with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) just east of Newfoundland. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. Deighton also noted that the Hurricane had a tighter turning radius than the Spitfire-800 feet for the Hurricane compared with 880 for the Spitfire. Storms in the 1900s. [3][4] The cyclone weakened to a tropical depression over land, but reintensified back to tropical storm strength upon entry into the Gulf of Honduras on September 20. 1 Only the highest Saffir-Simpson Category to affect the U.S. has been used.. Strong storm surge was reported at the same location. Despite not making landfall, the third hurricane in August interacted with a stationary front over the Mid-Atlantic states, resulting in localized flooding and thus making the tropical cyclone the wettest in New Jersey history. Several other people were also injured by the tornadoes. The Arctic Is Ice Free – How Can Sea Ice Be Declining? Based on this observation, the hurricane was estimated to have reached intensity at the same time with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h). Though the season had no official bounds, most tropical cyclone activity occurred during August and September. In Atlantic Canada, a strong storm surge peaking at 4 ft (1.3 m) above average sunk or damaged several ships and inundated cities. Over the Yucatán Peninsula, the tropical storm re-weakened, but later intensified once again once it reached the Gulf of Mexico. In Caldwell County alone, 90 percent of bridges were swept away. Rainfall peaked at 37.5 in (953 mm) in Miller Island off Louisiana, making it the wettest tropical cyclone in state history. [14] Further north in New England, strong winds were reported, though damage remained minimal. At the time, the disturbance had a minimum pressure of at least 1015 mbar (hPa; 29.98 inHg). Storms before the 1900s. Strong winds caused moderate infrastructural damage, primarily in Texas, though its impact was mainly to communication networks along the U.S. Gulf Coast which were disrupted by the winds. [16] The tropical storm produced three tornadoes over the Southern United States which collectively caused $39,000 in damage and caused two fatalities. [4] By 1200 UTC, the cyclone completed its extratropical transition,[3] due to the entrainment of colder air. [3] Initially, the tropical cyclone moved very slowly towards the west and then the northwest. None of the hurricanes reached major hurricane intensity. Moving slowly in a general west-northwest motion, the disturbance intensified, reaching tropical storm strength on August 28 and subsequently hurricane intensity on August 30. This was the most active decade for hurricanes since at least 1850. Shortly after formation, the disturbance intensified into a tropical storm at 1800 UTC later that day. In consequence, many seriously damaged Hurricanes were repaired in squadron workshops while badly damaged Spitfires were being written off. At the time, this was a rare occurrence, as only four other tropical disturbances were known to have formed prior during this period;[2] since then, reanalysis of previous seasons has concluded that there were more than four tropical cyclones in May before 1940. 56 hurricanes have been recorded in the Galveston, TX since 1930. "Science is the belief in the ignorance of the experts" – Richard Feynman. [24] The maximum reported gust in the Azores was an observation of 65 mph (100 km/h) on September 25. The Great New England Hurricane finally dissipated over Canada that night. [4], On October 7, a large elongated extratropical cyclone extended across the Atlantic Ocean with a pressure of at most 1015 mbar (hPa; 29.98 inHg). The following day, however, the depression became less defined and degenerated into a trough of low pressure. None of the hurricanes reached major hurricane intensity. However, since these reports occurred in a higher pressure gradient, the system was not included in HURDAT. [3] Several vessels in the storm's vicinity reported strong gusts and rough seas generated by the storm.
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